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Background  Acute‐phase proteins ( APP s) are sensitive markers of inflammation, and serum C‐reactive protein ( CRP ) recently has been shown to be a useful diagnostic marker in dogs with bacterial pneumonia ( BP ). In humans with community‐acquired pneumonia,  APP s also have great utility as follow‐up markers aiding in the assessment of treatment response.    Objectives  The aim of our study was to investigate the applicability of  APP s as markers of treatment response in dogs with  BP .    Animals  Nineteen dogs diagnosed with  BP  and 64 healthy dogs.    Methods  The study was conducted as a prospective longitudinal observational study. Serum  CRP , serum amyloid A ( SAA ), and haptoglobin concentrations were followed during a natural course of  BP . Normalization of serum  CRP  was used to guide the duration of antibiotic treatment (treatment was stopped 5–7 days after  CRP  normalized) in 8 of 17 dogs surviving to discharge; 9 of 17 dogs were treated according to conventional recommendations.    Results  All measured  APP s initially were significantly increased, but the magnitude of increase was not correlated to disease severity. C‐reactive protein and  SAA  concentrations decreased rapidly after initiation of antimicrobial treatment. When normalization of serum  CRP  was used to guide the duration of antibiotic treatment, treatment duration was significantly ( P  = .015) decreased without increasing the number of relapses.    Conclusions and Clinical Importance  Serum  CRP  and  SAA  reflected the recovery process well and therefore may be used as markers of treatment response. According to the results, the normalization of serum  CRP  may be used to guide the duration of antibiotic treatment in dogs with  BP .

The Utility of Acute‐Phase Proteins in the Assessment of Treatment Response in Dogs With Bacterial Pneumonia