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Background  Canine chronic bronchitis (CCB) results in cough lasting ≥2 months and airway inflammation. Adverse effects include risk of secondary infection associated with lifelong corticosteroid administration and prompt investigation into alternative therapies. Neurogenic pathways mediated by tachykinins that bind neurokinin ( NK ) 1 receptors may induce cough and airway inflammation. Maropitant,[Note 4. CERENIA®, Zoetis, Florham Park, NJ ...] a  NK ‐1 receptor antagonist, has been advocated for treatment of  CCB  based on anecdotal improvement, but without scientific evidence.    Hypothesis/Objectives  Maropitant[Note 4. CERENIA®, Zoetis, Florham Park, NJ ...] will blunt clinical signs and airway inflammation associated with  CCB .    Animals  Client‐owned dogs (n = 8) with cough >2 months, thoracic radiographic evidence of airway disease and sterile airway inflammation (>7% non‐degenerate neutrophils, >7% eosinophils or both) on bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) enrolled.    Methods  Maropitant[Note 4. CERENIA®, Zoetis, Florham Park, NJ ...] (2 mg/kg) administered q48h for 14 days. Study endpoints included client perception of clinical signs (surveys at baseline and 14 days, and visual analogue scale [ VAS ] at baseline, 7, and 14 days), and  BAL  % neutrophils and eosinophils (baseline and 14 days). One‐way repeated measures  ANOVA  ( VAS ) and Wilcoxon‐signed rank‐sum tests ( BAL  cells, cough frequency) used with  P  < .05 considered significant.    Results  Maropitant[Note 4. CERENIA®, Zoetis, Florham Park, NJ ...] significantly decreased cough frequency ( P  < .001) and  VAS  scores ( P  = .005). No differences in  BAL  % neutrophils or % eosinophils noted with treatment ( P  = .279 and  P  = .382, respectively).    Conclusions and Clinical Importance  Preliminary results suggest that although maropitant[Note 4. CERENIA®, Zoetis, Florham Park, NJ ...] may have antitussive properties leading to perceived clinical improvement, its failure to diminish airway inflammation makes it unsuitable for treatment of  CCB . Future studies could evaluate maropitant[Note 4. CERENIA®, Zoetis, Florham Park, NJ ...] as a cough suppressant for other respiratory disorders in dogs.

Investigation of Neurokinin‐1 Receptor Antagonism as a Novel Treatment for Chronic Bronchitis in Dogs