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Background  Systemic aspergillosis is a manifestation of   A spergillus  sp. infection that can result in central nervous system ( CNS ) involvement with marked alterations in  CNS  function. Information regarding the clinical presentation and magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) findings in cases of aspergillosis with  CNS  involvement is lacking, resulting in a need for better understanding of this disease.    Hypothesis/Objectives  The primary objectives were to describe the clinical features and  MRI  findings in dogs with  CNS  aspergillosis. The secondary objectives were to describe clinicopathologic findings and case outcome.    Animals  Seven dogs with  CNS  aspergillosis.    Methods  Archived records from 6 institutions were reviewed to identify cases with  MRI  of  CNS  aspergillosis confirmed with serum galactomannan enzyme immunoassay ( EIA ) testing, culture, or supported by histopathology. Signalment, clinical,  MRI , clinicopathologic, histopathologic, and microbiologic findings were recorded and evaluated.    Results  Aspergillosis of the  CNS  was identified in 7 dogs from 3 institutions. The median age was 3 years and six were German Shepherd dogs. Five dogs had signs of vestibular dysfunction as a component of multifocal neurological abnormalities. The  MRI  findings ranged from normal to abnormal, including hemorrhagic infarction and mass lesions.    Conclusions and Clinical Importance  Until now, all reported  MRI  findings in dogs with  CNS  aspergillosis have been abnormal. We document that  CNS  aspergillosis in dogs, particularly German Shepherd dogs, can be suspected based on neurologic signs, whether  MRI  findings are normal or abnormal. Confirmatory testing with galactomannan  EIA , urine, cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF ) or tissue culture should be performed in cases where aspergillosis is a differential diagnosis.

Clinical Features and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in 7 Dogs with Central Nervous System Aspergillosis