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Background  The diseases most frequent associated with  SIRS  in adult horses are those involving the gastrointestinal tract. An early diagnosis should be the goal in the management of horses with  SIRS .    Objective  The objective of this study was to evaluate the plasma procalcitonin ( PCT ) concentration in healthy and  SIRS  horses to assess differences between the two groups.    Animals  Seventy‐eight horses (30 healthy and 48  SIRS ).    Methods  Prospective in vivo multicentric study. Horses were classified as  SIRS  if at least 2 of the following criteria were met: abnormal leukocyte count or distribution, hyperthermia or hypothermia, tachycardia, tachypnea. Healthy horses showed no clinical or laboratory signs of  SIRS . Plasma  PCT  concentrations were measured with a commercial  ELISA  assay for equine species. Results were expressed as mean±standard deviation. T‐test for unpaired data was performed between healthy and  SIRS  group.  SIRS  group was divided in 4 subgroups and  t ‐test was performed between healthy versus each subgroup.    Results   PCT  concentrations in healthy and  SIRS  horses were 18.28 ± 20.32 and 197.0 ± 117.0 pg/ mL , respectively. T‐test showed statistical differences between healthy versus  SIRS  group and between healthy versus all subgroups.    Conclusions and Clinical Importance  Results showed an increase in  PCT  concentration in  SIRS  horses as previously reported in humans and dogs.  PCT  could be used as a single assay in equine practice for detection of  SIRS .

Plasma Procalcitonin Concentration in Healthy Horses and Horses Affected by Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome