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Blood coagulation factor Va's key interactive residues and regions for prothrombinase assembly and prothrombin binding
Author(s) -
Schreuder Mark,
Reitsma Pieter H.,
Bos Mettine H. A.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of thrombosis and haemostasis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.947
H-Index - 178
eISSN - 1538-7836
pISSN - 1538-7933
DOI - 10.1111/jth.14487
Subject(s) - prothrombinase , chemistry , factor x , thrombin , serine protease , zymogen , ternary complex , coagulation , factor v , cofactor , biochemistry , tissue factor , factor ixa , biophysics , protease , platelet , enzyme , biology , immunology , medicine , thrombosis
Blood coagulation factor Va serves an indispensable role in hemostasis as cofactor for the serine protease factor Xa. In the presence of an anionic phospholipid membrane and calcium ions, factors Va and Xa assemble into the prothrombinase complex. Following formation of the ternary complex with the macromolecular zymogen substrate prothrombin, the latter is rapidly converted into thrombin, the key regulatory enzyme of coagulation. Over the years, multiple binding sites have been identified in factor Va that play a role in the interaction of the cofactor with factor Xa, prothrombin, or the anionic phospholipid membrane surface. In this review, an overview of the currently available information on these interactive sites in factor Va is provided, and data from biochemical approaches and 3D structural protein complex models are discussed. The structural models have been generated in recent years and provide novel insights into the molecular requirements for assembly of both the prothrombinase and the ternary prothrombinase‐prothrombin complexes. Integrated knowledge of functionally important regions in factor Va will allow for a better understanding of factor Va cofactor activity.