Open AccessSodium–glucose cotransporters: Functional properties and pharmaceutical potential
Author(s) -
Sano Ryuhei,
Shinozaki Yuichi,
Ohta Takeshi
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of diabetes investigation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.089
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 2040-1124
pISSN - 2040-1116
DOI - 10.1111/jdi.13255
Subject(s) - cotransporter , transporter , glucose transporter , medicine , solute carrier family , monosaccharide , glucose uptake , diabetes mellitus , biochemistry , sodium , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , chemistry , gene , endocrinology , insulin , organic chemistry
Glucose is the most abundant monosaccharide, and an essential source of energy for most living cells. Glucose transport across the cell membrane is mediated by two types of transporters: facilitative glucose transporters (gene name: solute carrier 2A) and sodium–glucose cotransporters (SGLTs; gene name: solute carrier 5A). Each transporter has its own substrate specificity, distribution, and regulatory mechanisms. Recently, SGLT1 and SGLT2 have attracted much attention as therapeutic targets for various diseases. This review addresses the basal and functional properties of glucose transporters and SGLTs, and describes the pharmaceutical potential of SGLT1 and SGLT2.