Clinical significance of serum interleukin‐8 and soluble tumor necrosis factor‐like weak inducer of apoptosis levels in patients with diabetic nephropathy

Abstract Aims/Introduction Recent studies suggest that chronic inflammatory responses are important in the development of diabetic nephropathy ( DN ). Various inflammatory and angiogenesis molecules affect the pathogenesis and progression of DN . Inflammation damages the microcirculation and causes kidney damage. In the present study, we studied changes in interleukin‐8 ( IL ‐8) and soluble tumor necrosis factor‐like weak inducer of apoptosis ( sTWEAK ) levels in patients with DN , and investigated the clinical significance of these two inflammatory factors. Materials and Methods Participants were categorized into healthy controls ( n  = 30) and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( n  = 124). The type 2 diabetes mellitus group was further subdivided into the normoalbuminuria ( n  = 34), microalbuminuria ( MAU ; n  = 46,) and proteinuria (Ma AU ; n  = 44,) groups. Patients with DN were included in the MAU and Ma AU groups. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, 2‐h postprandial blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, 24‐h urine microalbumin, IL ‐8 and sTWEAK levels were measured. Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with proteinuria. Results In the healthy controls, normoalbuminuria, MAU and Ma AU groups, we found that IL ‐8 levels increased, whereas sTWEAK levels decreased ( P  < 0.05). IL ‐8 might be an independent risk factor and serum sTWEAK a protective factor for MAU and Ma AU . Serum levels of sTWEAK , IL ‐8 and microalbumin were significantly correlated in the MAU and Ma AU groups. Conclusions Serum IL ‐8 and sTWEAK levels might be markers that can be used for an early diagnosis of DN .