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Hypersensitivity to local anaesthetics – update and proposal of evaluation algorithm
Author(s) -
Thyssen Jacob Pontoppidan,
Menné Torkil,
Elberling Jesper,
Plaschke Peter,
Johansen Jeanne Duus
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
contact dermatitis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.524
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0536
pISSN - 0105-1873
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2008.01366.x
Subject(s) - medicine , medline , allergy , skin reaction , algorithm , drug reaction , dermatology , hypersensitivity reaction , delayed hypersensitivity , intensive care medicine , immune system , immunology , computer science , pharmacology , drug , chemistry , biochemistry
Local anaesthetics (LA) are widely used drugs. Adverse reactions are rare but may be caused by delayed‐type hypersensitivity reactions and probably also immediate‐type reactions. As it is not always easy to clinically differ between these subtypes, allergy skin testing should be considered. Although numerous test protocols have been published, how patients with hypersensitivity reactions to LA are ideally evaluated remains a topic of discussion. This review attempts to generate a comprehensive update on allergic reactions to LA and to present an algorithm that can be used for the evaluation of patients suspected with immediate‐ and delayed‐type immune reactions. Literature was examined using PubMed‐Medline, EMBASE, Biosis and Science Citation Index. Based on the literature, the proposed algorithm may safely and rapidly distinguish between immediate‐type and delayed‐type allergic immune reactions.