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Pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur crystalline free acid after single and multiple subcutaneous administrations in healthy alpacas ( Vicugna pacos )
Author(s) -
DECHANT J. E.,
ROWE J. D.,
BYRNE B. A.,
WETZLICH S. E.,
KIEU H. T.,
TELL L. A.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.527
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1365-2885
pISSN - 0140-7783
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2012.01395.x
Subject(s) - pharmacokinetics , ceftiofur , metabolite , horse , elimination rate constant , medicine , area under the curve , chemistry , zoology , pharmacology , cephalosporin , antibiotics , biology , biochemistry , volume of distribution , paleontology
Dechant, J. E., Rowe, J. D., Byrne, B. A., Wetzlich, S. E., Kieu, H. T., Tell, L. A. Pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur crystalline free acid after single and multiple subcutaneous administrations in healthy alpacas ( Vicugna pacos ). J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 36 , 122–129. Six adult male alpacas received one subcutaneous administration of ceftiofur crystalline free acid (CCFA) at a dosage of 6.6 mg/kg. After a washout period, the same alpacas received three subcutaneous doses of 6.6 mg/kg CCFA at 5‐day intervals. Blood samples collected from the jugular vein before and at multiple time points after each CCFA administration were assayed for ceftiofur‐ and desfuroylceftiofur‐related metabolite concentrations using high‐performance liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetic disposition of CCFA was analyzed by a noncompartmental approach. Mean pharmacokinetic parameters (±SD) following single‐dose administration of CCFA were C max (2.7 ± 0.9 μg/mL); T max (36 ± 0 h); area under the curve AUC 0→∞ (199.2 ± 42.1 μg·h/mL); terminal phase rate constant λ z (0.02 ± 0.003/h); and terminal phase rate constant half‐life t 1/2λ z (44.7 h; harmonic). Mean terminal pharmacokinetic parameters (±SD) following three administrations of CCFA were C max (2.0 ± 0.4 μg/mL); T max (17.3 ± 16.3 h); AUC 0→∞ (216.8 ± 84.5 μg·h/mL); λ z (0.01 ± 0.003/h); and t 1/2λ z (65.9 h; harmonic). The terminal phase rate constant and the T max were significantly different between single and multiple administrations. Local reactions were noted in two alpacas following multiple CCFA administrations.