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Natural variations in snow cover do not affect the annual soil CO 2 efflux from a mid‐elevation temperate forest
Author(s) -
Schindlbacher Andreas,
Jandl Robert,
Schindlbacher Sabine
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
global change biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.146
H-Index - 255
eISSN - 1365-2486
pISSN - 1354-1013
DOI - 10.1111/gcb.12367
Subject(s) - snow , soil respiration , environmental science , temperate climate , microclimate , snow cover , snowmelt , substrate (aquarium) , soil cover , hydrology (agriculture) , zoology , soil water , atmospheric sciences , ecology , soil science , geology , biology , geomorphology , geotechnical engineering
Climate change might alter annual snowfall patterns and modify the duration and magnitude of snow cover in temperate regions with resultant impacts on soil microclimate and soil CO 2 efflux ( F soil ). We used a 5‐year time series of F soil measurements from a mid‐elevation forest to assess the effects of naturally changing snow cover. Snow cover varied considerably in duration (105–154 days) and depth (mean snow depth 19–59 cm). Periodically shallow snow cover (<10 cm) caused soil freezing or increased variation in soil temperature. This was mostly not reflected in F soil which tended to decrease gradually throughout winter. Progressively decreasing C substrate availability (identified by substrate induced respiration) likely over‐rid the effects of slowly changing soil temperatures and determined the overall course of F soil . Cumulative CO 2 efflux from beneath snow cover varied between 0.46 and 0.95 t C ha −1 yr −1 and amounted to between 6 and 12% of the annual efflux. When compared over a fixed interval (the longest period of snow cover during the 5 years), the cumulative CO 2 efflux ranged between 0.77 and 1.18 t C ha −1 or between 11 and 15% of the annual soil CO 2 efflux. The relative contribution (15%) was highest during the year with the shortest winter. Variations in snow cover were not reflected in the annual CO 2 efflux (7.44–8.41 t C ha −1 ) which did not differ significantly between years and did not correlate with any snow parameter. Regional climate at our site was characterized by relatively high amounts of precipitation. Therefore, snow did not play a role in terms of water supply during the warm season and primarily affected cold season processes. The role of changing snow cover therefore seems rather marginal when compared to potential climate change effects on F soil during the warm season.