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Rates of myocardial infarction and stroke in patients initiating treatment with SGLT 2‐inhibitors versus other glucose‐lowering agents in real‐world clinical practice: R esults from the CVD‐REAL study
Author(s) -
Kosiborod Mikhail,
Birkeland Kåre I.,
Cavender Matthew A.,
Fu Alex Z.,
Wilding John P.,
Khunti Kamlesh,
Holl Reinhard W.,
Norhammar Anna,
Jørgensen Marit E.,
Wittbrodt Eric T.,
Thuresson Marcus,
Bodegård Johan,
Hammar Niklas,
Fenici Peter
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.445
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1463-1326
pISSN - 1462-8902
DOI - 10.1111/dom.13299
Subject(s) - medicine , dapagliflozin , empagliflozin , stroke (engine) , canagliflozin , hazard ratio , myocardial infarction , proportional hazards model , diabetes mellitus , heart failure , cardiology , type 2 diabetes , confidence interval , endocrinology , mechanical engineering , engineering
The multinational, observational CVD‐REAL study recently showed that initiation of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT‐2i) was associated with significantly lower rates of death and heart failure vs other glucose‐lowering drugs (oGLDs). This sub‐analysis of the CVD‐REAL study sought to determine the association between initiation of SGLT‐2i vs oGLDs and rates of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. Medical records, claims and national registers from the USA, Sweden, Norway and Denmark were used to identify patients with T2D who newly initiated treatment with SGLT‐2i (canagliflozin, dapagliflozin or empagliflozin) or oGLDs. A non‐parsimonious propensity score was developed within each country to predict initiation of SGLT‐2i, and patients were matched 1:1 in the treatment groups. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were generated using Cox regression models. Overall, 205 160 patients were included. In the intent‐to‐treat analysis, over 188 551 and 188 678 person‐years of follow‐up (MI and stroke, respectively), there were 1077 MI and 968 stroke events. Initiation of SGLT‐2i vs oGLD was associated with a modestly lower risk of MI and stroke (MI: HR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.72‐1.00; P = .05; Stroke: HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.71‐0.97; P = .02). These findings complement the results of the cardiovascular outcomes trials, and offer additional reassurance with regard to the cardiovascular effects of SGLT‐2i, specifically as it relates to ischaemic events.