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Patterns of glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus initiating second‐line therapy after metformin monotherapy: R etrospective data for 10 256 individuals from the U nited K ingdom and G ermany
Author(s) -
Khunti Kamlesh,
Godec Thomas R.,
Medina Jesús,
GarciaAlvarez Laura,
Hiller Josh,
Gomes Marilia B.,
CidRuzafa Javier,
Charbonnel Bernard,
Fenici Peter,
Hammar Niklas,
Hashigami Kiyoshi,
Kosiborod Mikhail,
Nicolucci Antonio,
Shestakova Marina V.,
Ji Lig,
Pocock Stuart
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.445
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1463-1326
pISSN - 1462-8902
DOI - 10.1111/dom.13083
Subject(s) - metformin , medicine , type 2 diabetes mellitus , type 2 diabetes , diabetes mellitus , retrospective cohort study , cohort , glycated haemoglobin , insulin , endocrinology
Aim To investigate determinants of change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at 6 months after initiating uninterrupted second‐line glucose‐lowering therapies. Materials and Methods This cohort study utilized retrospective data from 10 256 patients with T2DM who initiated second‐line glucose‐lowering therapy (switch from or add‐on to metformin) between 2011 and 2014 in Germany and the UK. Effects of pre‐specified patient characteristics on 6‐month HbA1c changes were assessed using analysis of covariance. Results Patients had a mean (standard error [SE]) baseline HbA1c of 8.68% (0.02); 28.5% of patients discontinued metformin and switched to an alternative therapy and the remainder initiated add‐on therapy. Mean (SE) unadjusted 6‐month HbA1c change was −1.27% (0.02). When adjusted for baseline HbA1c, 6‐month changes depended markedly on the magnitude of the baseline HbA1c (HbA1c <9%, −0.45% per unit increase in HbA1c; HbA1c ≥9%, −0.87% per unit increase in HbA1c). Adjusted mean 6‐month HbA1c reductions showed slight treatment differences (range, 0.92–1.09%; P < .001). Greater reductions in HbA1c were associated with second‐line treatment initiation within 6 months of T2DM diagnosis (1.36% vs 1.03% [ P < .001]) and advanced age (≥70 years, 1.13%; <70 years, 1.02% [ P < .001]). Conclusions Many patients with T2DM have very high HbA1c levels when initiating second‐line therapy, indicating the need for earlier treatment intensification. Patient‐specific factors merit consideration when making treatment decisions.