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Glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia burden in patients with type 2 diabetes initiating basal insulin in E urope and the USA
Author(s) -
Mauricio Dídac,
Meneghini Luigi,
Seufert Jochen,
Liao Laura,
Wang Hongwei,
Tong Liyue,
Cali Anna,
Stella Peter,
Carita Paulo,
Khunti Kamlesh
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.445
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1463-1326
pISSN - 1462-8902
DOI - 10.1111/dom.12927
Subject(s) - medicine , incidence (geometry) , type 2 diabetes , odds ratio , insulin , basal insulin , diabetes mellitus , hypoglycemia , observational study , logistic regression , medical record , basal (medicine) , retrospective cohort study , adverse effect , pediatrics , endocrinology , physics , optics
Aims To evaluate short‐ and long‐term glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia incidence in insulin‐naïve patients ≥30 years of age with type 2 diabetes ( T2DM ) initiating basal insulin ( BI ) with or without oral anti‐hyperglycaemic drugs ( OADs ). Methods This was an observational, retrospective longitudinal analysis of electronic medical records from 5 E uropean countries and the USA . A multivariable logistic regression model assessed baseline and short‐term (0‐3 months post BI initiation) factors associated with long‐term (3‐24 months) glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia. Results Overall, 40 627 patients were included; 20.9% and 27.8% achieved the general HbA1c target of ≤7% at 3 and 24 months post BI initiation, respectively. Failure to achieve HbA1c ≤7% at 3 months was associated with increased risk of failing to achieve target at 24 months (odds ratio [ OR ], 3.70 [95% CI , 3.41‐4.00]). Over 24 months, 8.9% of patients experienced a recorded hypoglycaemic event. Hypoglycaemia during the initial 3‐month period was associated with longer‐term risk of these events over the ensuing 3 to 24 months ( OR , 5.71 [95% CI , 4.67‐6.99]). Conclusions Initiating BI with or without OADs is associated with short‐ and long‐term suboptimal glycaemic control; the majority of patients fail to achieve HbA1c target ≤7% in the first 3 months, or after 2 years of BI treatment. Treatment response and hypoglycaemia incidence by 3 months post BI initiation are associated with longer‐term glycaemic control and hypoglycaemic risk, respectively. These results support the need for early anti‐hyperglycaemic interventions that more effectively control blood glucose levels without increasing the risk of hypoglycaemia.