Premium
Rationale, design and baseline characteristics of the CANagliflozin cardioVascular Assessment Study–Renal ( CANVAS‐R ): A randomized, placebo‐controlled trial
Author(s) -
Neal Bruce,
Perkovic Vlado,
Matthews David R.,
Mahaffey Kenneth W.,
Fulcher Greg,
Meininger Gary,
Erondu Ngozi,
Desai Mehul,
Shaw Wayne,
Vercruysse Frank,
Yee Jacqueline,
Deng Hsiaowei,
de Zeeuw Dick
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.445
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1463-1326
pISSN - 1462-8902
DOI - 10.1111/dom.12829
Subject(s) - medicine , canagliflozin , microalbuminuria , placebo , albuminuria , blood pressure , renal function , body mass index , diabetes mellitus , kidney disease , type 2 diabetes , randomized controlled trial , endocrinology , alternative medicine , pathology
Aims The primary aim of the CANagliflozin cardioVascular Assessment Study‐Renal (CANVAS‐R) is to determine whether the favourable effects of inhibition of the sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 ( SGLT2 ) on blood glucose, blood pressure and body weight are accompanied by protection against adverse renal outcomes. Materials and methods CANVAS‐R is a prospective, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial in patients with type 2 diabetes with a history or high risk of cardiovascular events. Patients were randomly assigned to once‐daily placebo or canagliflozin 100 mg (with optional uptitration to 300 mg) for a planned average of 2.5 years of follow‐up. The primary outcome is kidney disease progression, defined by class change in albuminuria. The two secondary outcomes are the composite of hospitalized heart failure or cardiovascular death, and cardiovascular death alone. Effects on end‐stage renal disease and a range of other outcomes will also be explored. Results A total of 5812 participants were recruited at 422 sites in 24 countries between January 2014 and May 2015. The mean baseline age was 64 years, mean duration of diabetes was 14 years, mean glycated haemoglobin level was 8.3% and mean body mass index was 32 kg/m 2 . Of these participants, 37% were women, 71% had a history of cardiovascular disease, 22.3% had microalbuminuria and 8.7% had macroalbuminuria. The mean baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate was 76 mL /min/1.73 m 2 . The study will have at least 90% power ( P = .05) to detect a 22% or greater reduction in the risk of progression of albuminuria. Conclusions The trial should define the potential renoprotective effect of canagliflozin and will provide additional important new data about its effects on vascular outcomes, death and kidney failure.