English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Open

Aims  To determine the impact of gender on glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia in insulin‐naïve patients with type 2 diabetes ( T2DM ).    Methods  Data were pooled from six randomized clinical trials of insulin glargine or  NPH  insulin in insulin‐naïve, inadequately controlled patients. Female [n = 1251; mean glycated haemoglobin ( HbA1c ) level 8.99%, age 56.91 years, diabetes duration 9.84 years] and male patients (n = 1349; mean  HbA1c  8.9%, age 57.47 years, diabetes duration 10.13 years) were started on and treated with insulin glargine or  NPH  insulin for 24–36 weeks.  HbA1c  and fasting blood glucose levels, percent achieving  HbA1c  target of <7% and insulin dose change were recorded.    Results  For both men and women,  HbA1c  levels were significantly reduced over time (p < 0.001); a significantly greater  HbA1c  reduction was observed in men than in women (−1.36 vs. −1.22; p = 0.002). Significantly fewer women achieved target  HbA1c  of <7% (p < 0.001). At the study end, women had a significantly higher insulin dose/kg than men (0.47 vs. 0.42 U/kg; p < 0.001). The incidence rates of severe and severe nocturnal hypoglycaemia were significantly higher in women (3.28% vs. 1.85%; p < 0.05 and 2.24% vs. 0.59%; p < 0.001, respectively). Women were more likely to experience severe hypoglycaemia [odds ratio ( OR ) 1.80; 95% confidence interval ( CI ) 1.08, 3.00; p = 0.02] and severe nocturnal hypoglycaemia ( OR : 3.80; 95%  CI  1.72, 8.42; p = 0.001).    Conclusions  These observations confirm studies that found a smaller improvement in  HbA1c  and greater hypoglycaemia in women during insulin treatment. Physicians should be aware of the need to determine and closely monitor dosing, particularly in women, to optimize the balance between glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia risk.

diabetes, obesity and metabolism

Gender‐based differences in glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia prevalence in patients with type 2 diabetes: results from patient‐level pooled data of six randomized controlled trials