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This study was initiated to evaluate the association of acute pancreatitis ( AP ) with the use of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 ( DPP ‐4) inhibitors among patients with diabetes in Japan. A retrospective cohort study of a large medical and pharmacy claims database was performed to compare the incidence of  AP  among those receiving  DPP ‐4 inhibitors and those receiving other oral antidiabetic drugs. The incidence of all  AP  and hospitalizations for  AP  was similar between the two groups. Previous exposure to  DPP ‐4 inhibitors did not affect occurrence of  AP  in patients on other oral antidiabetic drugs. The Kaplan–Meier curve for time to  AP  was similar between the two groups, and was not affected by previous exposure to  DPP ‐4 inhibitors. The Cox proportional hazard models showed the incidence of  AP  was not significantly higher in those receiving  DPP ‐4 inhibitors. Despite numerous, important limitations related to claims database‐based analyses, our results indicate that there is no increased risk of  AP  with use of  DPP ‐4 inhibitors among patients with diabetes in Japan.

diabetes, obesity and metabolism

Use of the Japanese health insurance claims database to assess the risk of acute pancreatitis in patients with diabetes: comparison of  DPP ‐4 inhibitors with other oral antidiabetic drugs