Open AccessAssessment of Dermal Absorption of Aluminum from a Representative Antiperspirant Formulation Using a 26 Al Microtracer Approach
Author(s) -
Ligt Rianne,
Duijn Esther,
Grossouw Dimitri,
Bosgra Sieto,
Burggraaf Jacobus,
Windhorst Albert,
Peeters Pierre A.M.,
der Luijt Gerrit A.,
AlexanderWhite Camilla,
Vaes Wouter H.J.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
clinical and translational science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.303
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 1752-8062
pISSN - 1752-8054
DOI - 10.1111/cts.12579
Subject(s) - urine , pharmacokinetics , chromatography , chemistry , detection limit , area under curve , area under the curve , absorption (acoustics) , medicine , materials science , pharmacology , biochemistry , composite material
A clinical pharmacokinetic study was performed in 12 healthy women to evaluate systemic exposure to aluminum following topical application of a representative antiperspirant formulation under real‐life use conditions. A simple roll‐on formulation containing an extremely rare isotope of aluminum ( 26 Al) chlorohydrate ( ACH ) was prepared to commercial specifications. A 26 Al radio‐microtracer was used to distinguish dosed aluminum from natural background, using accelerated mass spectroscopy. The 26 Al citrate was administered intravenously (i.v.) to estimate fraction absorbed (F abs ) following topical delivery. In blood samples after i.v. administration, 26 Al was readily detected (mean area under the curve ( AUC ) = 1,273 ± 466 hours×fg/ mL ). Conversely, all blood samples following topical application were below the lower limit of quantitation ( LLOQ ; 0.12 fg/ mL ), except two samples (0.13 and 0.14 fg/ mL ); a maximal AUC was based on LLOQ s. The aluminum was above the LLOQ (61 ag/ mL ) in 31% of urine samples. From the urinary excretion data, a conservative estimated range for dermal F abs of 0.002–0.06% was calculated, with a mean estimate of 0.0094%.