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Background and Purpose  Sinus lift ( SL ) using cultured autogenous periosteal cells ( CAPCs ) combined with autogenous bone and platelet‐rich plasma ( PRP ) was performed to evaluate the effect of cell administration on bone regeneration, by using high‐resolution three‐dimensional computed tomography ( CT ).    Materials and Methods   SL  with autogenous bone and  PRP  plus  CAPC  [ CAPC (+) SL ] was performed in 23 patients. A piece of periosteum taken from the mandible was cultured in  M 199 medium with 10% fetal bovine serum ( FBS ) for 6 weeks. As control, 16 patients received  SL  with autogenous bone and  PRP  [ CAPC (−) SL ]. Three‐dimensional  CT  imaging was performed before and 4 months and 1 year after  SL , and stratification was performed based on  CT  numbers ( HUs ) corresponding to soft tissue and cancellous or cortical bone.    Results  The augmented bone in  CAPC (+) SL  revealed an increase in  HUs  corresponding to cancellous bone as well as a decrease in  HUs  corresponding to grafted cortical bone. In addition,  HUs  corresponding to cancellous bone in the graft bed were increased in  CAPC (+) SL  but were decreased in  CAPC (−) SL . Insertion torque during implant placement was significantly higher in  CAPC (+) SL .    Conclusion  By promoting bone anabolic activity both in augmented bone and graft bed,  CAPCs  are expected to aid primary fixation and osseointegration of implants in clinical applications.

clinical implant dentistry and related research

High‐Resolution Three‐Dimensional Computed Tomography Analysis of the Clinical Efficacy of Cultured Autogenous Periosteal Cells in Sinus Lift Bone Grafting