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The emerging era of pharmacogenomics: current successes, future potential, and challenges
Author(s) -
Lee J.W.,
Aminkeng F.,
Bhavsar A.P.,
Shaw K.,
Carleton B.C.,
Hayden M.R.,
Ross C.J.D.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
clinical genetics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.543
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1399-0004
pISSN - 0009-9163
DOI - 10.1111/cge.12392
Subject(s) - pharmacogenomics , medicine , precision medicine , drug , clinical practice , diversity (politics) , drug response , drug reaction , bioinformatics , intensive care medicine , biology , pharmacology , family medicine , political science , pathology , law
The vast range of genetic diversity contributes to a wonderful array of human traits and characteristics. Unfortunately, a consequence of this genetic diversity is large variability in drug response between people, meaning that no single medication is safe and effective in everyone. The debilitating and sometimes deadly consequences of adverse drug reactions ( ADRs ) are a major and unmet problem of modern medicine. Pharmacogenomics can uncover associations between genetic variation and drug safety and has the potential to predict ADRs in individual patients. Here we review pharmacogenomic successes leading to changes in clinical practice, as well as clinical areas probably to be impacted by pharmacogenomics in the near future. We also discuss some of the challenges, and potential solutions, that remain for the implementation of pharmacogenomic testing into clinical practice for the significant improvement of drug safety.