Open AccessBiallelic loss of FAM46C triggers tumor growth with concomitant activation of Akt signaling in multiple myeloma cells
Author(s) -
Kanasugi Jo,
Hanamura Ichiro,
Ota Akinobu,
Karnan Sivasundaram,
Lam Vu Quang,
Mizuno Shohei,
Wahiduzzaman Md,
Rahman Md Lutfur,
Hyodo Toshinori,
Konishi Hiroyuki,
Tsuzuki Shinobu,
Hosokawa Yoshitaka,
Takami Akiyoshi
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
cancer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.035
H-Index - 141
eISSN - 1349-7006
pISSN - 1347-9032
DOI - 10.1111/cas.14386
Subject(s) - multiple myeloma , concomitant , cancer research , protein kinase b , chemistry , signal transduction , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , biology
Loss of heterozygosity or mutation of the family with sequence similarity 46, member C ( FAM46C ) gene on chromosome band 1p12 is associated with shorter overall survival of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). In this study, using human MM cell lines (KMS‐11, OCI‐My5, and ANBL‐6), we generated FAM46C −/− cell clones and examined the effect of disruption of FAM46C on cell survival and cellular signaling. Cell proliferation assays showed increased clonogenicity of FAM46C −/− KMS‐11 cells compared to WT cells. Xenograft experiments showed significantly shorter overall survival of mice harboring the FAM46C −/− cell‐derived tumors than mice with the FAM46C WT cell‐derived tumors. Notably, levels of phosphorylated Akt and its substrates increased both in vitro and in vivo in the FAM46C −/− cells compared to WT cells. In addition, caspase activities decreased in the FAM46C −/− cells. Results of gene set enrichment analysis showed that loss of FAM46C significantly activated serum‐responsive genes while inactivating phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)‐related genes. Mechanistically, loss of FAM46C decreased the PTEN activity, number of apoptotic cells, and caspase activities. PF‐04691502, a selective PI3K inhibitor, suppressed the augmented phosphorylation of Akt and its substrate FoxO3a. Treatment with afuresertib (a specific Akt inhibitor) in combination with bortezomib additively decreased FAM46C −/− MM cell survival. Collectively, this study is the first to report that loss of FAM46C triggers the concomitant activation of the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway, which might be a therapeutic target for MM with abnormalities in the FAM46C gene.