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The  CXCR 4/ CXCR 7/ CXCL 12 chemokine axis plays important roles in the migration of tumor cells during cancer development by modulating site‐specific distant metastasis including to regional lymph nodes. We investigated the correlation of these chemokine expressions to prognosis in lymph‐node‐positive non‐small‐cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) patients. A total of 140 surgically resected specimens of primary site ( PS ) and metastatic lymph nodes ( MLN ) of  NSCLC  involving hilar and/or mediastinal lymph nodes (N1‐2) were collected.  CXCR 4,  CXCR 7 and  CXCL 12 expressions were evaluated. Cox regression analysis was performed to determine whether these chemokines were independent prognostic factors in N1‐2  NSCLC . High expression of  CXCR 4 in  PS  and  CXCL 12 in  MLN  was associated with poor overall survival ( OS ) ( P  = .025 and .033, respectively). Significant correlations between  CXCR 4 expression in  PS  and  CXCL 12 expression in  MLN  were observed ( P  = .040). There was significant difference in  OS  between 2 groups according to expressions of  CXCR 4 in  PS  and  CXCL 12 in  MLN  ( P  = .0033). Expression of  CXCL 12 in  MLN  was identified as an independent prognostic factor ( HR  1.79, 95%  CI  1.08‐3.04,  P  = .023).  CXCL 12 in  MLN  was mainly expressed by tumor cells compared with stromal cells (56%  vs  25%, respectively,  P  < .0001).  CXCR 4/ CXCL 12 may play roles in tumor progression in  MLN  and is associated with poor prognosis of lymph‐node‐positive  NSCLC  patients.

Correlation between CXCR4/CXCR7/CXCL12 chemokine axis expression and prognosis in lymph‐node‐positive lung cancer patients