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Local recurrence is a major clinical issue following surgical resection in head and neck cancer, and the dissemination and lymph node metastasis of minimal residual disease is relatively difficult to treat due to the lack of suitable therapeutic approaches. In the present study, we developed and evaluated a novel immunotherapy using a skin flap transfer treated with sensitized dendritic cells ( DC ), termed the “immuno‐flap,” in a rat tumor model. After the local round area of skin was resected,  SCC ‐158 cells (a rat head and neck cancer cell line) were inoculated into the muscle surface; lastly, the groin skin flap injected with mature  DC  was overlaid. Two weeks after the second  DC  injection, systemic immunological reactions and tumor size were measured. The  DC ‐treated group showed a significant reduction in tumor size compared with the control. Although the induction of  CTL  activity in spleen cells was marginal, Th1 cytokines such as interleukin‐2 and interferon‐γ were elevated in the  DC ‐treated group. These results suggest that a novel immunotherapy based on the immuno‐flap method has the potential for clinical application to prevent the local recurrence of head and neck cancer patients.

Immunologically augmented skin flap as a novel dendritic cell vaccine against head and neck cancer in a rat model