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Concurrent chemoradiotherapy has become one of the standard management approaches for newly diagnosed localized nasal natural killer ( NK )/T‐cell lymphoma ( NKTCL ). Few data are available on the prognostic biomarkers of  NKTCL  among patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. To evaluate the prognostic significance of immunophenotypic biomarkers for patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, latent membrane protein 1 ( LMP 1), cutaneous lymphocyte antigen ( CLA ) and cell origin were examined in samples from 32 patients who were enrolled in the Japan Clinical Oncology Group 0211 trial and treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.  LMP 1 and  CLA  were positive in 66% (19/29) and 29% (9/31) of the cases examined, respectively. The median follow‐up duration was 68 months (range, 61–94). The patients with  LMP 1‐positive tumors showed a better overall survival ( OS ) than the patients with  LMP 1‐negative tumors (hazard ratio, 0.240; 95% confidence interval [ CI ], 0.057–1.013; 80%  CI , 0.093–0.615;  P  = 0.035). All five patients with  LMP 1‐negative tumors who experienced disease progression died of lymphoma, and both patients with local failure had  LMP 1‐negative tumors. There was no significant difference in  OS  according to  CLA  expression. A total of 27 (84%) cases were of  NK ‐cell origin, two were of αβ T‐cell origin and three were of γδ T‐cell origin. In contrast to those with tumors of  NK ‐cell origin, all five patients with  NKTCL  of T‐cell origin were alive without relapse at the last follow up. Our results indicate that  LMP 1 expression is a favorable prognostic marker and suggest that a T‐cell origin of the tumor may be a favorable prognostic marker for patients with localized  NKTCL  treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Prognostic biomarkers in patients with localized natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy