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What can we teach Lymnaea and what can Lymnaea teach us?
Author(s) -
Rivi Veronica,
Benatti Cristina,
Lukowiak Ken,
Colliva Chiara,
Alboni Silvia,
Tascedda Fabio,
Blom Johanna M.C.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
biological reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.993
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1469-185X
pISSN - 1464-7931
DOI - 10.1111/brv.12716
Subject(s) - lymnaea stagnalis , lymnaea , neuroscience , classical conditioning , cognitive science , generalization , biology , communication , psychology , snail , conditioning , ecology , mathematical analysis , statistics , mathematics
ABSTRACT This review describes the advantages of adopting a molluscan complementary model, the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis , to study the neural basis of learning and memory in appetitive and avoidance classical conditioning; as well as operant conditioning of its aerial respiratory and escape behaviour. We firstly explored ‘what we can teach Lymnaea ’ by discussing a variety of sensitive, solid, easily reproducible and simple behavioural tests that have been used to uncover the memory abilities of this model system. Answering this question will allow us to open new frontiers in neuroscience and behavioural research to enhance our understanding of how the nervous system mediates learning and memory. In fact, from a translational perspective, Lymnaea and its nervous system can help to understand the neural transformation pathways from behavioural output to sensory coding in more complex systems like the mammalian brain. Moving on to the second question: ‘what can Lymnaea teach us?’, it is now known that Lymnaea shares important associative learning characteristics with vertebrates, including stimulus generalization, generalization of extinction and discriminative learning, opening the possibility to use snails as animal models for neuroscience translational research.