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Purpose  The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of meibomian gland dysfunction ( MGD ) and its association with tear film and ocular surface parameters in an Austrian clinical population of dry eye patients.    Methods  The records of 1372 consecutive patients from a dry eye unit were analysed retrospectively. Symptoms and objective tear film and ocular surface parameters were evaluated. Patients were classified into pure  MGD , pure aqueous tear deficiency ( ATD ),  MGD  combined with  ATD , pure anterior blepharitis ( AB ), Sjogren's syndrome ( SS ) without  MGD  and  SS  together with  MGD .    Results  Nine‐hundred and sixty‐five patients, that is 70.3% of the investigated population, mean age 55.4 ± 16.6 years, had signs of  MGD . Of these, 684 (70.9%) were female. The intensity of symptoms did not differ between subgroups. Four hundred and ninety (50.8%)  MGD  patients had Schirmer test values ≤10 mm/5 min. The fluorescein break‐up time and Schirmer test values were significantly higher in the pure  AB  and  MGD  group. The pure  MGD  group showed a significantly lower fluorescein staining of the cornea compared to the other groups, except for pure  AB . Lissamine green staining of the ocular surface was present in all groups, but was at least pronounced in the pure  MGD  and  AB  group.    Conclusion  Meibomian gland dysfunction is a major cause of ocular discomfort and could often be found in combination with a reduced aqueous tear secretion. Although the intensity of subjective complaints was similar to all other subgroups, pure  MGD  exhibited the lowest severity of signs of ocular surface damage and also affected younger people.

The prevalence of meibomian gland dysfunction, tear film and ocular surface parameters in an Austrian dry eye clinic population