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Background  In a previously published randomized controlled trial ( B rown et al.   A lcohol  C lin  E xp  R es  2010;  34 , 292–301), our research team showed that a 30‐minute brief motivational interviewing ( BMI ) session was more effective in reducing percentages of risky drinking days in drunk driving recidivists than a control information–advice intervention at 12‐month follow‐up. In this sequel to the initial study, 2 main hypotheses were tested: (i) exposure to  BMI  increases the time to further arrests and crashes compared with exposure to the control intervention ( CTL ) and (ii) characteristics, such as age, moderate the benefit of  BMI .    Methods  A sample of 180 community‐recruited recidivists who had drinking problems participated in the study. Participants gave access to their provincial driving records at baseline and were followed up for a mean of 1,684.5 days ( SD  = 155.7) after randomization to a 30‐minute  BMI  or  CTL  session. Measured outcomes were driving arrests followed by convictions including driving while impaired ( DWI ), speeding, or other moving violations as well as crashes. Age, readiness to change alcohol consumption, alcohol misuse severity, and number of previous  DWI  convictions were included as potential moderators of the effect of the interventions.    Results  For arrests,  C ox proportional hazards modeling revealed no significant differences between the  BMI  and the  CTL  group. When analyses were adjusted to age tertile categories, a significant effect of  BMI  in the youngest age tertile (<43 years old) emerged. For crashes, no between‐group differences were detected.    Conclusions   BMI  was better at delaying  DWI  and other dangerous traffic violations in at‐risk younger drivers compared with a  CTL  similar to that provided in many remedial programs.  BMI  may be useful as an opportunistic intervention for  DWI  recidivism prevention in settings such as  DWI  courts. Treatment effectiveness studies are needed to ascertain how the present findings generalize to the real‐world conditions of mandated relicensing programs.

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Brief Motivational Interviewing in Impaired Driving Recidivists: A 5‐Year Follow‐Up of Traffic Offenses and Crashes