Integrating cognitive mapping, neutrosophic logic and DEMATEL for sustainable entrepreneurship in SMEs

Abstract Sustainability is essential for contemporary businesses as it influences the social, financial, and environmental aspects of their operations. However, numerous studies reveal that small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) face significant challenges when aligning with sustainable entrepreneurship (SE) principles and the triple bottom line. This study aims to leverage a more comprehensive approach to SE by integrating cognitive mapping, neutrosophic logic, and the decision‐making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method. The primary objective is to identify cause‐and‐effect relationships among SE initiatives in SMEs, enhancing clarity and guiding strategic actions. By comparing the outcomes of DEMATEL and neutrosophic logic, the research addresses the handling of uncertainty and promotes more accurate decision‐making processes. Findings provide valuable insights for academics, entrepreneurs, policymakers, and regulatory bodies, underscoring the value of the proposed methodological framework. Furthermore, this study lays a comparative foundation for future research exploring causal relationships among SE initiatives in SMEs and contributes to several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs; e.g., SDG8 [Decent Work and Economic Growth], SDG 9 [Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure], and SDG 12 [Responsible Consumption and Production]) by advancing sustainable practices in SMEs.