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In this paper, we present a space-time pulsed eddy current (PEC) array for nondestructive testing (NDT) of wellbore casings using a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique. On the basis of a multilayered cylindrical wellbore model, a MIMO-PEC model is developed according to the phase shift characteristics of the PEC response corresponding to different transmitting&#x2013;receiving (TR) distances. To achieve a more significant number of TR channels than in a traditional receiving array to reduce the complexity of the transmitting-receiving structure, a space-time transmission scheme is proposed to recover multiple TR channels. Moreover, a specific space-time MIMO array structure is designed to maximize the number of independent TR channels. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by applying the proposed MIMO array to a borehole PEC system for NDT of wellbore casings. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that using the array structure and space-time transmission scheme proposed in this paper, a MIMO structure consisting of  M  transmitters and  N  receivers can be equivalent to a transceiver system with a single transmitter and  M&#x00D7;N  receivers. Thus, MIMO technique can be effectively applied to PEC-NDT systems and drastically reduce the cost and complexity of the PEC system.

Space-Time Pulsed Eddy Current Array for NDT of Wellbore Casings Based on MIMO Technique