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Objective:  The pair-wise addition of parahydrogen, the singlet form of molecular hydrogen, to unsaturated precursors evokes the hyperpolarization of two parahydrogen-derived  1 H nuclear spins through a process known as parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP). Subsequent spin order transfer (SOT) from the  1 H to the surrounding  13 C nuclear spins via magnetic field cycling (MFC) results in substantial signal enhancement in  13 C magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Here, we report the development of a unique PHIP  13 C hyperpolarizer system using a flow guide for MFC.  Methods:  The optimal MFC scheme for  1 H to  13 C spin order transfer was quantum-chemically simulated using the J-coupling values of  13 C-labeled metabolic tracers. The flow guide system was three-dimensionally designed based on the simulated MFC scheme and pre-measured magnetic field distribution in a zero-field chamber.  Results:  The system efficiently transfers the spin order of hyperpolarized  1 H to a particular  13 C spin when the parahydrogenated tracer passes through the flow guide at a designated flow rate. The  13 C MRI signal is enhanced more than 40,000 times in  13 C-labeled pyruvate and fumarate, compared to the thermal equilibrium level at 1.5 T, was achieved for conducting  in vivo  metabolic MRI of mice.  Conclusion:  A fully automated PHIP-based  13 C polarizer was developed using a unique flow guide to conduct the MFC for  1 H to  13 C SOT. Significance: The PHIP hyperpolarizer with a flow guide can conduct efficient  1 H- 13 C SOT without a MFC magnetic field sweep system and offers a cost-effective alternative to conventional dynamic nuclear polarization.

Parahydrogen-Induced 13 C Hyperpolarizer Using a Flow Guide for Magnetic Field Cycling to Evoke 1 H- 13 C Spin Order Transfer Toward Metabolic MRI