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A photonic approach to estimating microwave frequency with high-coding-efficiency digital outputs and large measurement range is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the proposed approach, an optical filter array that consists of N filters is designed, wherein N - 1 optical phase-shifted filters have an identical free spectral range (FSR) but a phase increment of &#x03C0;/(N - 1) in the transmission responses and one filter has a doubled FSR. The filters are then employed to process the single optical sideband generated by applying a microwave signal to a carrier-suppressed single-sideband (CS-SSB) modulation module, to perform the frequency-to-amplitude conversion and the analog-to-digital conversion simultaneously. After power detection and decision operation, an N-bit digital result in the form of binary code is obtained for microwave frequency measurement within the range of 2 &#x00D7; FSR. A proof-of-concept experiment is performed to verify the proposed approach. A 5-bit binary code with effective number of bits of four is generated to indicate the microwave frequency in the range from 10 to 40 GHz.

Photonic Microwave Frequency Measurement With High-Coding-Efficiency Digital Outputs and Large Measurement Range