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Exploring the functional role of an ancient mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis pathway
Author(s) -
Dove Katja K,
Kadirova Malika F,
Nowinski Sara M,
Ouyang Yeyun,
Van Vranken Jon G,
Rutter Jared
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.660.5
Subject(s) - biogenesis , fatty acid synthesis , mitochondrial biogenesis , metabolic pathway , biochemistry , fatty acid , mitochondrion , biology , function (biology) , beta oxidation , microbiology and biotechnology , enzyme , gene
Fatty acid synthesis plays a crucial role in the cellular energetic landscape. Cytoplasmic Fatty Acid Synthesis (FAS) generates fatty acid intermediates that are used to store energy, build cellular structures such as membranes, and act as precursors for the biosynthesis of hormones. In addition to the cytoplasmic fatty acid synthesis pathway, eukaryotic cells have maintained a second , highly conserved mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis pathway (mtFAS), reminiscent of prokaryotic fatty acid synthesis pathways. Here, we explore the functional role of this ancient mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis pathway. Historically, a major function of mtFAS was considered to be the production of lipoic acid which is an essential co‐factor for key mitochondrial, metabolic enzymes such as pyruvate dehydrogenase. However, recently our lab has shown that mtFAS also plays a critical role in mitochondrial biogenesis by coupling Acetyl‐CoA levels with iron‐sulfur biogenesis as well as electron transport chain complex activation by promoting late‐stage assembly (Van Vranken et al., 2016; Van Vranken et al., 2018). These findings expanded the functional roles of the so far underappreciated mtFAS pathway into its broader role in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic function. The identification of human patients with mutations in mtFAS genes further highlights the importance of the mtFAS pathway and the need to understand all aspects of its functions. However, many facets, especially regarding its own regulation, are still unknown. Here we present putative players in the regulation of the mtFAS pathway and their impact on cellular function. Support or Funding Information Cardiovascular Training Grant, University of Utah, 5T32HL007576‐32, Howard Hughes Medical Institute This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .