Open AccessReliability of Self-Sampling for Accurate Assessment of Respiratory Virus Viral and Immunologic Kinetics
Author(s) -
Alpana Waghmare,
Elizabeth M Krantz,
Subhasish Baral,
Emma Vasquez,
Tillie Loeffelholz,
Lisa Chung,
Urvashi Pandey,
Jane Kuypers,
Elizabeth R Duke,
Keith R. Jerome,
Alexander L. Greninger,
David Reeves,
Florian Hladik,
E. Fabián Cardozo-Ojeda,
Michael Boeckh,
Joshua T. Schiffer
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
the journal of infectious diseases (online. university of chicago press)/the journal of infectious diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.69
H-Index - 252
eISSN - 1537-6613
pISSN - 0022-1899
DOI - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa451
Subject(s) - respiratory system , viral shedding , immune system , immunology , virus , virology , sampling (signal processing) , medicine , blood sampling , cytokine , filter (signal processing) , computer science , computer vision
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic demonstrates the need for accurate and convenient approaches to diagnose and therapeutically monitor respiratory viral infections. We demonstrated that self-sampling with mid-nasal foam swabs is well-tolerated and provides quantitative viral output concordant with flocked swabs. Using longitudinal home-based self-sampling, we demonstrate that nasal cytokine levels correlate and cluster according to immune cell of origin. Periods of stable viral loads are followed by rapid elimination, which could be coupled with cytokine expansion and contraction. Nasal foam swab self-sampling at home provides a precise, mechanistic readout of respiratory virus shedding and local immune responses.