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Motivated by recent experiments [P. Vaidya {\em et al.}, Science {\bf 368},160 (2020)] on spin pumping from sub-THz radiation-driven uniaxialantiferromagnetic insulator (AFI) MnF$_2$ into heavy metal (HM) Pt hostingstrong spin-orbit (SO) coupling, we compute and compare pumped spin currents inCu/MnF$_2$/Cu and Pt/MnF$_2$/Cu heterostructures. Recent theories of spinpumping by AFI have relied on simplistic Hamiltonians (such as tight-binding)and the scattering approach to quantum transport yielding the so-calledinterfacial spin mixing conductance (SMC), but the concept of SMC ceases to beapplicable when SO coupling is present directly at the interface. In contrast,we use more general first-principles quantum transport approach which combinesnoncollinear density functional theory with Floquet-nonequilibrium Green'sfunctions in order to take into account: {\em SO-proximitized AFI} as a newtype of quantum material, different from isolated AFI and brought about by AFIhybridization with adjacent HM layer; SO coupling at interfaces; and evanescentwavefunctions penetrating from Pt or Cu into AFI layer to make its interfacialregion {\em conducting} rather than insulating as in the original AFI. The DCcomponent of pumped spin current $I_\mathrm{DC}^{S_z}$ vs. precession coneangle $\theta_{\vb*{l}}$ of the N\'eel vector $\vb*{l}$ of AFI {\em does not}follow putative $I^{S_z}_\mathrm{DC} \propto \sin^2 \theta_{\vb*{l}}$, exceptfor very small angles $\theta_{\vb*{l}} \lesssim 10^\circ$ for which we candefine an {\em effective} SMC from the prefactor and find that it doubles fromMnF$_2$/Cu to MnF$_2$/Pt interface. In addition, the angular dependence$I^{S_z}_\mathrm{DC}(\theta_{\vb*{l}})$ differs for opposite directions ofprecession of the N\'{e}el vector, leading to twice as large SMC for theright-handed than for the left-handed chirality of the precession mode.

jphys materials

Spin pumping from antiferromagnetic insulator spin-orbit-proximitized by  adjacent heavy metal: A first-principles Floquet-nonequilibrium Green's  function study