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Black rice is rice that has a dark purple to blackish pigment and has high antioxidant properties. The gamma rays can induce mutation in plant. The purpose of this research was to understand the yield and anthocyanin of black rice with gamma ray irradiation using M1 generation from Bantul and Boyolali varieties. This experiment employed 0, 100, 200 and 300 Gy gamma ray irradiation. The effects of gamma rays on Boyolali variety differed from Bantul variety. Bantul variety was more sensitive to gamma rays irradiation than Boyolali variety. The application of gamma rays did not significantly change the flowering age Boyolali variety. However, on Bantul variety, gamma rays reduced flowering age. Application 100 Gy irradiation yielded early maturing plant on Bantul variety. This result revealed that the gamma ray had potential for decreasing the harvest age in black rice. The application of irradiation could enhance the size of grain of black rice indicated by higher weight of 1000 seed in Boyolali variety. Irradiation 100 Gy also boosted yield per plant in Boyolali variety. In Boyolali variety, gamma ray boosted the yield per plant by producing bigger seed rather than increased the number of productive tillers. The increase of the irradiation doses did not always correlate with the changes of plant phenotype. To conclude, application 100 Gy was the most effective dose to produce higher anthocyanin content compared to another doses.

Yield and anthocyanin content of M1 generation of black rice induced by gamma rays