English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The existence of water lately is quite alarming, especially in urban areas. The increasing of river water pollution through industrial and domestic waste, herbicide / pesticide and also the contaminant left-over cause the quality of river water getting worse beyond the allowance limit of standard for clean and drinking water. The most important criteria in examining clean and drinking is the ingredient test of microbiology with  Escherichia Coli (E. Coli)  bacteria, which is a patogenic bacteria to human, as the indicator. This study aims to remove E.Coli bacteria in water river in Geudong, Lhokseumawe using membrane filter made of ceramic mixturing with  clay  and  fly ash  n various compositions;  clay:fly ash  (40%:60%),  clay:fly ash  (50%:50%) and  clay:fly ash  (60%:40%). The ceramic membrane was made with sintering method in 700°C temperature for 4 hours and the filtration test was done in varios of operating pressure; 0,25; 0,50; 0,75, 1,00 and 1,25 bar. The result of the study showed that ceramic membrane with the composition of  clay:fly ash  (40%:60%) was able to reject  E-Coli  up to 99,048% with operating pressure 0,25 bar. Using  Scanning Electron Microscopy  (SEM) test, it is known that the ceramic membrane with the composition of  clay-fly ash  (40%:60%) is included as microfiltration membrane with pore size 1,6 μm – 2 μm.

Removing Escherichia Coli Bacteria in River Water using Ceramic Membrane from Mixed Clay and Fly Ash Material