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Optimum usage of the existing frequency spectrum is a major requirement due to the large increase in the number of subscribers at the same frequency. The cognitive radio scheme has become an important application used to optimize spectrum utilization, detects spectrum bands that are not occupied by primary users to create communication links between secondary users in the same band. These non-occupied bands are described as white space. In this paper, a spectrum sensing method that is an important stage in cognitive radio communications is discussed. Various spectrum sensing methods such as energy detection (ED) and cyclostationary feature detection (CFD) are used to sense the spectrum in the FM broadcasting band. A comparison of energy detection and cyclostationary feature detection spectrum sensing methods is made to determine the empty bands in the FM broadcasting band. This enables secondary users to transfer information in these empty bands without affecting the primary users of the FM broadcasting system.

Comparative study between cognitive radio techniques in FM broadcasting band