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The article deals with the problem of concrete durability in the area of variable water level of port facilities. Particular attention was paid to the exposure of both negative temperatures and sea water. The reasons for the destruction of concrete in the first winter season under prolonged freezing of structures with sea ice were analyzed. The authors come to the conclusion that alternating freezing and thawing is not always a major critical value of the severity of frost exposure on the concrete in an area of variable water level. Based on the study of the mechanism of the concrete freezing, they concluded that in the course of prolonged freezing, the classical approach to ensuring the durability of the concrete by increasing the frost resistance with the use of air-entraining agents does not solve one of the important practical problems – provision of the resistance of the concrete in the first winter period. The authors believe that the concrete technology requirements should factor in the mechanism of the concrete freezing in a structure. They proposed the technological methods that make it possible to reduce the sensitivity of the concrete to the prolonged frost exposure in massive structures.

Freezing Mechanisms of the Concrete in an Area of Variable Water Level of Port Facilities