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The existing methods of fire detection are based on the registration of physical phenomena associated with the processes of combustion or smouldering, such as elevated temperature, the release of combustion products, changes in the chemical composition of the air, thermal radiation. Sensor elements of the devices detecting those features stay at a distance from the source of ignition. This result in postponed time of fire registration in comparison with its occurrence. Accordingly, the more time it takes, the more significant damage a fire can cause. The work studies the design of alarm-initiating device developed at Irkutsk National Research Technical University. The device is to detect the evidence of incipient self-ignition at the stage of self-heating before a fire starts, and it is applicable to coal and other substances that a likely to ignite spontaneously. The main feature of the invention is that the temperature measurement and air sampling are carried out directly in the places that are at more risk of self-ignition. In addition, the device is energy-independent due to the original design of the power supply element. Moreover, the measurement of several parameters of the fire environment significantly increases the reliability and credibility of the self-ignition detector.

Specialized alarm-initiating device for early detection of coal self-ignition