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The paper presents the data of a detailed study of the flow characteristics behind the runner of an air model of a propeller-type micro hydro turbine with varying operating modes from partial load to severe overload. Detailed measurements of the flow field distributions were carried out using an automated system for contactless optical diagnostics (LDA). The obtained data made it possible to link the identified features of the development of the flow structure when changing the operating mode of the installation with the nature of the evolution of the integral swirl number that determines the state of the swirled flow. Eventually, the work results can be used in the elaboration of recommendations for extending the regulation range of the operating regimes of hydraulic microturbines and providing their high efficiency.

The swirl number as a method for determining the optimal operating mode of the micro hydro turbine