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With more and more investment in renewable energy and the earlier retirement of coal-fired energy infrastructure, the low-carbon transition will lead to higher costs for reshaping the power system. In order to obtain the impact of low-carbon transition in China’s power sector under different preferences, this article analyzes the optimal path of the power sector under four scenario preferences based on China’s long-term non-fossil energy target. The results show that in 2040, UHV DC transmission technology of 800KV and 1000KV will dominate the cross-regional transmission system with an ultra-high proportion of over 90%. The newly built transmission capacity in the northwest will exceed 200GW in each scenario. Relying on UHV lines, the country’s installed capacity for clean energy will increase to 66%. The total installed capacity of wind and solar is concentrated in the Three Norths, accounting for 77%, and nuclear power is mainly concentrated in East China, accounting for 43.9%.

The Layout Optimization of Non-Fossil Power Long-Term Goals and Impact on China’s Power Sector-Based on Multi-Objective Preference