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Smoking is the most spreadable habit between people on earth surface impacting human body functions and causing health risks. Our study aimed to estimate cadmium, lead, and iron concentrations in the blood of hookah (Shisha) smokers compared to non-smokers. This project was conducted over a period of time between October (2017) to February (2018) in Najaf province. This period was used to determine smoking hookah effects on heavy elements depositions in blood and organs of smoker’s compared to non-smokers. Forty samples of men were measured as a total, divided into 30 samples of smokers and 10 non-smokers. Cadmium, lead, and iron levels were measured in each individual serum. Kidney functions; blood urea, creatinine, and glucose were also examined. Liver functions tests including ALT (Alanine aminotransferase) and AST (Aspartate aminotransferase) were also investigated. Our results exhibit a significant increase in blood platelets and white blood cell values in smokers while a trend of increasing in hemoglobin values in smokers compared to non-smokers were found not significant. A decreasing in red blood cells of smokers compared with non-smokers was also found non-significant. A significant increase of liver functions in blood of smokers compared to non-smokers were found. Only glucose was significant in smoker’s kidney function. There was a marginal significant differences of cadmium in smoker’s blood compared to non-smokers. Our study concluded there were a trend of high levels of heavy metals in smokers with high variations in our results. These variations could be related to other factors. More studies focusing on the relationship between organs’ functions (e.g. lung) and heavy metals could support our findings by elucidating smoking consequences. Also, considering age, sex, diet, and inheritable status need to be considered in further studies.

Effects of Hookah Smoking on Blood Contents and Some Organ Functions of Men Body