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Cell cycle progression is precisely regulated by diverse extrinsic and intrinsic cellular factors. Previous genetic analysis in Drosophila melanogaster has shown that disruption of the mitochondrial electron transport chain activates a G1–S checkpoint as a result of a control of cyclin E by p53. This regulation does not involve activation of the p27 homologue dacapo in flies. We demonstrate that regulation of cyclin E is not at the level of transcription or translation. Rather, attenuated mitochondrial activity leads to transcriptional upregulation of the F-box protein archipelago, the Fbxw7 homologue in flies. We establish that archipelago and the proteasomal machinery contribute to degradation of cyclin E in response to mitochondrial dysfunction. Our work provides in vivo genetic evidence for p53-mediated integration of metabolic stress signals, which modulate the activity of the ubiquitin–proteasome system to degrade cyclin E protein and thereby impose cell cycle arrest.

Metabolic control of G1–S transition: cyclin E degradation by p53-induced activation of the ubiquitin–proteasome system