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Understanding the evaporation process of binary sessile droplets is essentialfor optimizing various technical processes, such as inkjet printing or heattransfer. Liquid mixtures whose evaporation and wetting properties may differsignificantly from those of pure liquids are particularly interesting.Concentration gradients may occur in these binary droplets. The challenge is tomeasure concentration gradients without affecting the evaporation process.Here, spectroscopic methods with spatial resolution can discriminate betweenthe components of a liquid mixture. We show that confocal Raman microscopy andspatially resolved nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can be used ascomplementary methods to measure concentration gradients in evaporating1-butanol/1-hexanol droplets on a hydrophobic surface. Deuterating one of theliquids allows analysis of the local composition through the comparison of theintensities of the CH and CD stretching bands in Raman spectra. Spatiallyresolved NMR spectroscopy is used to measure the composition at differentpositions of the droplet. Confocal Raman and spatially resolved NMR experimentsshow the presence of a vertical concentration gradient as the1-butanol/1-hexanol droplet evaporates.

Concentration Gradients in Evaporating Binary Droplets Probed by Spatially Resolved Raman and NMR Spectroscopy