Ageing, tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐ α ) and atherosclerosis

Ageing is associated with increased inflammatory activity in the blood. The purpose of this study was to investigate if age‐related increased plasma levels of TNF‐ α were associated with atherosclerosis in a cohort of 130 humans aged 81 years. The elderly cohort had increased circulating levels of TNF‐ α , C‐reactive protein (CRP), total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoproteins (LDL) and a low high‐density lipoprotein (HDL)/TC ratio compared with a young control group ( n  = 44). The elderly cohort was divided by tertiles into three subgroups with low, intermediate, and high levels of TNF‐ α , respectively. In the group with high TNF‐ α concentrations a significantly larger proportion had clinical diagnoses of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, weak correlations were found between TNF‐ α on one hand and blood concentrations of triglycerides, leucocytes, CRP and a low HDL/TC ratio on the other which are known as risk factors of atherogenesis and thromboembolic complications. No correlations were found between TNF‐ α , TC, LDL, or the body mass index. In conclusion, the present study shows that in a cohort of 81‐year‐old humans, high levels of TNF‐ α in the blood were associated with a high prevalence of atherosclerosis.