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Solar X-ray jets are evidently made by a burst of reconnection of closedmagnetic field in a jet's base with ambient "open" field (1,2). In thewidely-accepted version of the "emerging-flux" model, that reconnection occursat a current sheet between the open field and emerging closed field and alsomakes a compact hot brightening that is usually observed at the edge of thejet's base (1,3). Here we report on high-resolution X-ray and EUV observationsof 20 randomly-selected X-ray jets in polar coronal holes. In each jet,contrary to the emerging-flux model, a miniature version of the filamenteruptions that initiate coronal mass ejections (CMEs) (4-7) drives thejet-producing reconnection, and the compact hot brightening is made by internalreconnection of the legs of the minifilament-carrying erupting closed field,analogous to solar flares of larger-scale eruptions. Previous observations havefound that some jets are driven by base-field eruptions (8-10,12), but only onesuch study, of only one jet, provisionally questioned the emerging-flux model(13). Our observations support the view that solar filament eruptions are madeby a fundamental explosive magnetic process that occurs on a vast range ofscales, from the biggest CME/flare eruptions down to X-ray jets, and perhapsdown to even smaller jets that are candidates for powering coronal heating(10,14,15). A picture similar to that suggested by our observations was drawnbefore, inferred from different observations and based on a different origin ofthe erupting minifilament flux rope (11) (see Methods).

Small-scale filament eruptions as the driver of solar coronal hole X-ray jets