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Ultracompact dwarf galaxies (UCDs) are among the densest stellar systems inthe universe. These systems have masses up to 200 million solar masses, buthalf light radii of just 3-50 parsecs. Dynamical mass estimates show that manyUCDs are more massive than expected from their luminosity. It remains unclearwhether these high dynamical mass estimates are due to the presence ofsupermassive black holes or result from a non-standard stellar initial massfunction that causes the average stellar mass to be higher than expected. Herewe present the detection of a supermassive black hole in a massive UCD.Adaptive optics kinematic data of M60-UCD1 show a central velocity dispersionpeak above 100 km/s and modest rotation. Dynamical modeling of these datareveals the presence of a supermassive black hole with mass of 21 million solarmasses. This is 15% of the object's total mass. The high black hole mass andmass fraction suggest that M60-UCD1 is the stripped nucleus of a galaxy. Ouranalysis also shows that M60-UCD1's stellar mass is consistent with itsluminosity, implying many other UCDs may also host supermassive black holes.This suggests a substantial population of previously unnoticed supermassiveblack holes.

A Supermassive Black Hole in an Ultracompact Dwarf Galaxy