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Normal mode initialization
Author(s) -
Daley Roger
Publication year - 1981
Publication title -
reviews of geophysics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 8.087
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1944-9208
pISSN - 8755-1209
DOI - 10.1029/rg019i003p00450
Subject(s) - initialization , baroclinity , mode (computer interface) , gravitational wave , gravity wave , computer science , meteorology , range (aeronautics) , atmosphere (unit) , physics , geophysics , mechanics , mathematics , geology , aerospace engineering , astrophysics , engineering , programming language , operating system
The baroclinic primitive equation models used for short‐ and medium‐range weather forecasting admit undesirable high‐frequency gravity waves. The gravity waves are excited by initial imbalances between the observed wind and mass fields and by inconsistencies between model and atmosphere. Over the years, many initialization techniques have been devised to balance the initial state, but without notable success. The recent introduction of normal mode initialization techniques has, to a large degree, solved the problem. The present review will discuss the development of the technique from first principles, introduce the slow manifold concept, and discuss successful applications and remaining problems.