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The nonlinear process of second harmonic generation (SHG) in monolayer (1L)transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD), like $WS_2$, strongly depends on thepolarization state of the excitation light. Combining plasmonic nanostructureswith $1L-WS_2$ by transferring it onto a plasmonic nanoantenna array, a hybridmetasurface is realized impacting the polarization dependency of its SHG. Here,we investigate how plasmonic dipole resonances affect the process of SHG inplasmonic-TMD hybrid metasurfaces by nonlinear spectroscopy. We show, that thepolarization dependency is affected by the lattice structure of plasmonicnanoantenna arrays as well as by the relative orientation between the $1L-WS_2$and the individual plasmonic nanoantennas. In addition, such hybridmetasurfaces show SHG in polarization states, where SHG is usually forbiddenfor either $1L-WS_2$ or plasmonic nanoantennas. By comparing the SHG in thesechannels with the SHG generated by the hybrid metasurface components, we detectan enhancement of the SHG signal by a factor of more than 40. Meanwhile, anattenuation of the SHG signal in usually allowed polarization states isobserved. Our study provides valuable insight into hybrid systems wheresymmetries strongly affecting the SHG and open up the possibility for tailoringthe SHG in $1L-WS_2$ for future applications.

Influence of plasmon resonances and symmetry effects on second harmonic generation in WS2-plasmonic hybrid metasurfaces