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The key information about any nanoscale system are orientations andconformations of its parts. Unfortunately, these details are often hidden belowthe diffraction limit and elaborate techniques must be used to optically probethem. Here, we present a single-shot imaging technique allowing time-resolvedmonitoring of rotation motion of metal nanorods, realized in a wide-fieldregime and with no ambiguity of the measured angles. In our novel method, thenanorod orientation is imprinted onto a geometric phase of scattered lightcomposed of the opposite spin states. By spin-to-orbital angular momentumconversion, we generate two oppositely winding helical waves (optical vortices)that are used for restoring the nanorod in-plane orientation. The method wascalibrated using lithographically fabricated nanorods and tested by therotation imaging of immobilized and moving sub-100 nm colloidal nanorods(measurement accuracy of 2.5{\deg}). We envision this technique can be usedalso for estimation of nanorod aspect ratios and their out-of-planeorientations.

Single-Shot Orientation Imaging of Nanorods Using Spin-to-Orbital Angular Momentum Conversion of Light