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SUMMARY  Two mouse populations, randombred albino mice and a cross of four inbred strains, were divergently selected for high (H 8 ) and low (L 8 ) 8-week body weight over 18 generations using within-family and individual selection. The crossbreds showed asymmetry of selection response and realized heritabilities (H 8 0·29 ± 0·01; L 8 0·17 ± 0·01). In the randombred population realized heritabilities were symmetrical (H 8 0·23 ± 0·01; L 8 0·22 ± 0·02). Over the first nine generations individual selection was nearly 40 per cent better than within-family selection, as was expected from the full sib correlation in both populations. As selection progressed, within-family selection reached 82% and 61% of the responses obtained with individual selection in the crossbreds and randombred respectively. Correlated responses for 3-week (weaning) and 5-week body weights agreed with observations made on direct responses, but selection for L 8 did not reduce weaning weight. Selection for L 8 decreased and selection for H 8 increased first litter size at birth. However, mass-selected L 8 -pairs had a higher life-reproduction and life-span than H 8 -pairs.

Two-way within-family and mass selection for 8-week body weight in different mouse populations